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<p>The invention and development of the chariot around the third millennium revolutionized the art of warfare and dominated the battlefields for some 3000 years. It seems to have evolved in the borderlands between the steppes and the riverlands. It is believed that the Aryan borrowed the idea of chariot from Sumerians around 2000 bc. It is presumed that these Aryans entered Iran and departed in three branches. One marches westward towards Syria another eastward towards India and a third stays back in Iran. The absence of chariot in Indus valley civilization suggests that chariot arrived in India with Aryans who settled here around 1500 bc. They used it as a lethal war machine to conquer the natives. The Chariot has played a vital role in Indian warfare through the ages spanning over Vedic Epic and Puranic times as attested to by literary and archaeological evidence. The Turk invasion marked by the dominance of cavalry arm brought the curtain down on chariot as a war machine. However it survived in the Indian milieu in some other incarnations. About the Author U.P. Thapliyal an alumnus of Allahabad and Delhi Universities was Director History Division Ministry of Defence till 1996. He has authored compiled and edited more than thirty books on the military history of India including Warfare in Ancient India; Military Flags of India: From the Earliest Times etc. His research papers have been published in reputed history journals. He has also been a Senior Academic Fellow with ICHR.</p>
