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The purpose of any laboratory manual must be to reinforce the knowledge in realistic form about the theory taught in the classroom or learned from reading the books and journals. Therefore, attempt has been made to present the text in lucid language and logical sequence. The arrangement of the experiments closely parallels to matter of the subject. One of the fascinating aspects of microbiology practical has been the living nature of every experiment. Experimentation become a pleasant and rewarding experience of academic career. But a word of caution, one should never forget that although a vast majority of the microorganisms are harmless, some obviously are not. Certain rules and procedures must be adhered to very strictly. The main motive behind writing this manual has been to develop an attitude towards adopting the basic techniques in microbiology that will ensure personal safety while handling any experimental microorganism. This book is designed for all those who are related to the world of microbes. Thus, students and teachers belonging to the courses of basic science of Microbiology, Pharmacy, Medicine, Veterinary, Dairy, Agriculture, Food technology, Biotechnology and Genetics will find this manual quite useful to build a foundation for specialized or applied studies. Contents - Section One : Techniques used in Basic Microbiology 1. Some Common Apparatus used in Microbiology Laboratory 2. Culture Media Preparation and its Sterilization 3. Aseptic Transfer Techniques 4. Culturing Microorganism in Liquid Medium and on Solid Medium 5. Isolation of Pure Culture of Bacteria 6. Microscope and Microscopy 7. Morphological Studies of Microorganisms 8. Enzymatic Activity of Microorganisms Anatomy and Staining Slides of Bacteria Biochemical Tests Section Two : Techniques used in Applied Microbiology Family Business: Changing with the Time Women in Family Business 9. Enumeration of Growth 10. Microbiological Assays Based on Nutrition 11. Anaerobic Cultivation of Bacteria 12. Environmental Effects on Microbial Growth 13. Identification of Unknown Bacteria 14. Selective and Enriched Culture Techniques 15. Antiseptic and Disinfection Action 16. Sterility Testing 17. Microbial Genetics 18. Industrial Microbiology 19. Soil Microbiology 20. Diagnostic Bacteriology 21. Viruses General Questions for Viva-Voce