History

After the Portuguese held its foothold in India in 1500 ad many European powers subsequently followed the path adopted by Casa da India when most of India except the South and North East were under various Islamic Sultanates. Whether it was the English Dutch Danish or French they made a fortune through conquests trade and subjugation of previous politics. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries with the decline of the Portuguese two great powers emerged: the English and the French and their rivalry are known worldwide. This book is based on the dominion of the French in India during the eighteenth century from an English perspective. The author cites the work of Abbe Guyon Col. Lawrence’s Memoirs Col. Wilks’s Southern India Captain Duff’s History of the Mahrattas and other contemporary works by British and French authors to write the history of French powers. The volume talks about the emergence of the French as a colonial power in the Indian subcontinent the governorship of La Bourdonnais and Dupleix further inroads into the Carnatic regions fall of Dupleix and his struggles with his adversaries leadership under Godheu and De Leyrit dominions in Chandernagore and Deccan and the subsequent decline of French rule in the nineteenth century. About the Author George Bruce Malleson (18251898) was an English officer and writer. He was initially posted in the Bengal Infantry in 1842 served as a guardian to the Maharaja of Mysore and participated in the Second Burmese War. He held the position of Colonel till his retirement in 1877. He authored several books on Akbar the French governor of India Joseph François Dupleix and the governor of British Bengal Robert Clive.

Originally written in Dutch Jahangir’s India is the English version of Remonstrantie translated by W.H. Moreland and P. Geyl. This small volume largely covers economic aspects during the reign of Jahangir (160527) such as land revenue systems productivity and trade in drugs and indigo. The book contains a vivid description of Mughal provinces such as Agra Gujarat Deccan Kashmir etc. It also mentions the trading networks in Gujarat Agra and other places. The author discusses the emergence and mercantile activities conducted by the East India Company and the Dutch trade activities in India. Besides the economic description the Dutch writer touches upon the society and superstitious beliefs in India including notes on Hinduism and Islam. About the Author Francisco Pelasert (15951630) was a Dutch businessman and a representative of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). He travelled in different parts of Mughal India and stayed in Agra for seven years before departing to Java. He was also the commander of VOCowned ship Batavia. W.H. Moreland (18681938) was a British ICS officer and wrote several books on the economic history of India during the medieval period. He served as an assistant commissioner (1894) joint magistrate (1897) magistrate and collector (1899) and became Director of Land Records and Agriculture in the United Provinces in 1899. His works include A Short History of India The Agrarian System of Moslem India India at the Death of Akbar India from Akbar to Aurangzeb and so forth. Pieter Geyl (18871966) was a Dutch historian specializing in the early modern Dutch history and in historiography. He graduated from the University of Leiden in 1913. In 1919 Geyl took up a professorship in Dutch history at the University of London where he taught until 1935 when he became a professor at the University of Utrecht. He authored books both in Dutch and English. His works include History of the Low Countries: Episodes and Problems The Revolt of the Netherlands 15551609 Use and Abuse of History Encounters in History and so forth.

Formerly known as ‘Why Exhibit Works of Art?’ this book is a study of Christian and Eastern arts. The book is a collection of articles written by Coomaraswamy which were published in reputed art journals and pamphlets and notes of reviews of different artists published in New York Boston Paris Calcutta and London. This nineessay volume looks upon certain aspects of the philosophy of art in both worlds as there are various issues and subjects such as its usage aesthetics nature of medieval art application of mathematics and its beauty in art and perception of folklore and popular art. This volume also covers major aspects such as the role of intellectualism the description of abstract and primitive art and the unison of symbolism and individual portraiture in premodern cultures. About the Author Ananda K. Coomaraswamy (22 August 1877–9 September 1947) is a Ceylonbased metaphysician historian theorist and philosopher of Indian art. He brought the Indian tradition of art into the western world. He was also seen as the bridgemaker between western and Indian art and philosophy as he was much inspired by Hindu and GrecoRoman traditions. His works were influenced by the Traditionalist and Perennial Schools of Philosophy. He authored several books which were based on the traditional arts metaphysics and social criticism. He was also the curator of Indian art at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts.

This volume comprises a series of lectures delivered by Prof. Jadunath Sarkar on the history of India from ancient medieval to British India and the growth of India throughout the ages. The book covers the history of northern India from Aryans the emergence of Buddhism the advent and conquest by Islamic despots the history of the Indian renaissance in British India and independence from British colonial rule. This book by Prof. Sarkar is a general view on the history of India. About the Author Sir Jadunath Sarkar (18701958) was a scholar of medieval Indian history specializing in Mughal dynasty. He studied at Presidency College Calcutta. In 1898 he started teaching at Presidency College Calcutta. He was appointed the ViceChancellor of Calcutta University in 1899. He was knighted in the year 1929.

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After the appearance in print of the Encyclopaedia of Indian Temple Architecture (EITA) South India Volume I Part 4 logically and as planned Part 5 was slated to appear. This most complex and difficult of the volumes which presents an annotated and illustrated glossary of Southern Indian architectural terms is now published. In each of the preceding publications (Parts 14) a glossary was appended but detailed discussion of the terms and the logic of their interconnections was reserved for the final Part namely this publication. The essay Parts 14 were contemplated for updating the information on regional and period styles and to an extent for demonstrating how the terms are to be used in describing the temples. This publication provides photographic images and drawings of architectural components that demonstrate the variations in configuration (and decorative detail wherever available). The glossary is arranged according to the logic of temple construction and ordering of the parts of the sacred building. The glossary begins with a description of the procedure for examining the building site followed by an exposition of terminology relevant to the floor plan the kinds of measuring tools units and measurements involved. These preliminaries are followed by a detailed discussion of the morphology of the sanctuarybuilding and the order of horizontal components from the foundation to the finial. After listing the terminology of the structure of the sanctum this volume elucidates the terminology for understanding the kit of parts that make up other structures in South Indian temple complexes including halls subsidiary shrines ancillary buildings the cloister and finally the templecompound walls and their gateways. About the Author Professor M. A. Dhaky (19272016) a recipient of the Padma Bhushan India's thirdhighest civilian award is an internationally renowned historian of temple art and architecture. Professor Dhaky was Director Emeritus of the American Institute of Indian Studies in Gurugram and spent his final years in Ahmedabad. Dhaky formulated initiated and guided the research and documentation for the monumental project the Encyclopaedia of Indian Temple Architecture fourteen volumes of which have been published by the American Institute of Indian Studies. He edited four of the volumes and authored one himself. Dhaky also edited the Nirgrantha a trilingual research journal and published eleven books and more than 325 research articles. His publications on Indian monuments combine textual scholarship with observations of architecture and sculpture. Dhaky’s masterly work on the ceilings (vitanas) of the temples of Gujarat exemplify this coordination of Vastu texts and field research. His publications on The Vyala figures on the Medieval Temples of India (1965) The Indian Temple Forms in Kar?a?a Inscriptions and Architecture (1977) The Temples in Kumbhariya (2002) and The Indian Temple Traceries (2005) will continue to inspire students of Indian art. His essay “Prasada as Cosmos” published in the Adyar Library Bulletin (1971) articulates the symbolism of the temple and its varied architectural parts. In addition to his mastery of temple architecture Professor Dhaky was a scholar who wrote in three languages and on many subjects including aesthetics Jain philosophy metaphysics and hymnology North Indian and Carnatic Classical Music horticulture gemology and embroidery. Professor Dhaky’s many honors include the Campbell Memorial Gold Medal of the Asiatic Society of Mumbai in 1994 R.C. Parikh Gold Medal of the Gujarat Itihas Parishad Ahmedabad 2006 Ranjitram Gold Medal and Gujarat Sahitya Sabha Ahmedabad 2011. He was awarded Padma Bhushan by the President of India in 2010. With his passing in July 2016 the world of Indian art history lost one of its greatest scholars

The monograph entitled Army Organization Military Technology and War­fare during the Delhi Sultanate examines the traditional Indian conduct of war prevalent among the rulers prior to the Ghorid conquest of India. Their defects and imperfection in the art of war in comparison to the Turkish rulers have been thoroughly investigated. This work has studied the development of military technology and its employment in battle tactics siege operations and defensive strategies concerning the forts during the Delhi Sultanate. The work has incorporated all spheres of military history administration strategies technology and logistic nature of forts during the Sultanate of Delhi. The desire to have a qualitative army at the Centre provinces and the frontiers led to the demand of efficient soldiers who were well trained in the art of war. Preference were given to Turks Tajiks and Afghan soldiers initially but later during the Khaljis Indians and Mongols too were recruited in the army. Also the demand for foreign breed horses and Indian elephants also increased due to the new military system which evolved after imbibing the Central Asian and Indian traditions of warfare. These military engagements with the Indian rulers and the Mongols led to assimilation incorporation and modifications in the equipments of war as per the exigencies of the time. The utilization of these weapons of war and armours in the conquest of north India followed by consolidation and imperialism in the Deccan has been minutely discussed in this book. About the Author Ali Athar is the former chairman and coordinator of the Centre of Advanced Study Department of History Aligarh Muslim University. He is also the founder coordinator of the Musa Dakri Museum of Aligarh Muslim University. His contribution to the field of military history has been acknowledged in works such as Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization Themes on Indian History Warfare and History and has been extensively cited by scholars specializing on the history of warfare. Some of his other works are Military Technology and Warfare in the Sultanate of Delhi Reinterpreting History of the Delhi Sultanate Medieval India: Ideas Tradition and Cultural Values Exploring Medieval India through Persian Sources History on Stones: Inscriptions of Aligarh Muslim University and SocioCultural and Techno­logical Development in Medieval India.

In the twentyfirst century terms such as globalization global and world function as critical words at the cusp of new frontiers in both historical writing and literary criticism. Practitioners of these disciplines may appear to be long time intimate lovers when seen from pre and early modern time periods only to divorce with the coming of Anglophone world history in the twentyfirst century. In recent years works such as Martin Puchner's The Written World Maya Jasanoff's The Dawn Watch or the three novels that encompass Amitav Ghosh's Ibis Trilogy have rekindled a variant of history and literature's embrace in a global register. This book probes recent scholarship concerning reflections on global history and world literature in the wake of these developments with a primary focus on India as a site of extensive theoretical and empirical advances in both disciplinary locations. Inclusive of reflections on the meeting points of these disciplines as well as original research in areas such as NeoPlatonism in world history histories of violence and literary histories exploring indentured labor and capitalist trans­formation the book offers reflections on conceptual advances in the study of globalization by placing global history and world literature in conversation. About the Author Neilesh Bose is Associate Professor of History and Canada Research Chair of Global and Comparative History at the University of Victoria. A historian of modern South Asia global history and migrations histories his most recent publication is the edited volume South Asian Migrations in Global History: Labor Law and Wayward Lives (London 2020).

The fourth book in the series Legacies of Slavery and Indentured Labour is an indepth exploration of the adaptation of Hinduism and Islam in various diasporic settings and interreligious relations in the Girmit diaspora. It includes twelve chapters from various geographic locations including the Southern Pacific Indian Ocean and the Caribbean Islands. This volume fills a gap in our understanding of the legacy of indentured labour on religious heritage. Based on the archival research microbiographies and ethnographic studies this book covers the development of Hindu and Muslim communities and the relationships between them. It also includes articles on the relationships between different religious communities and between Hindu and Muslim partners in interreligious relationships. A unique feature of this book is that it combines a consideration of the development of Hindu and Muslim communities with an analysis of interreligious relationships. It offers new insights into the history of indentured labour and its impact on the formation of religious heritage and identity. This volume will be of great value to anyone interested in understanding the cultural and religious dynamics of the Indian diaspora. About the Author Maurits S. Hassankhan is a senior lecturer/researcher at the Anton de Kom University Suriname. He has published several articles and books on indentured labour migration diaspora ethnic relations and Indian Muslims. Narinder Mohkamsingh is an Indologist (Leiden University) who works on Indian music culture and religion in the Caribbean Islands. Goolam Vahed is a professor in the Department of History University of KwaZuluNatal. His research interests include identity formation citi­zenship ethnicity migration and transnationalism among Indian South Africans and the role of sports and culture in South African society. Radica Mahase is a PhD and a Senior Lecturer at the History College of Science Technology and Applied Arts of Trinidad & Tobago.

One of the main legacies of slavery and indentured labour is the existence of multiethnic and multicultural societies in former tropical colonies of the European empires. After the abolition of slavery the indentured labourers were brought to the plantation colonies in order to meet the need for cheap labour for the production of tropical goods. From the beginning they faced a situation in which they were regarded as competitors for the freed slaves and/or the local population. At the same time in various cases the freed slaves and their descendants considered themselves as the indigenous people and were treated as such by the colonial governments. In their perspective the colonial governments spent too many resources on the immigration of foreign labourers resources that could have been used to improve the socioeconomic situation of the descendants of the former slaves. To this date this historical past overshadows the relations between different ethnic groups in so called plural societies. This book deals with the relations between different ethnic groups in these societies and the challenges they meet to establish peaceful and democratic societies. The volume consists of chapters on these societies such as South Africa Guyana Trinidad and Tobago and Suriname. About the Author Maurits S. Hassankhan is a historian from the Anton de Kom University of Suriname. He has published on indentured labour migration diaspora and ethnic relations. Hans Ramsoedh is a historian of Surinamese origin living in the Nether­lands. He has been one of the editors of the journal OSO and has published extensively on different aspects of the history of Suriname including on cultural diversity and integration. Brij V. Lal (Late) Professor Brij Lal was a wellknown historian from Fiji who has published on indentured labour the history of Fiji and the Pacific Islands. He was one of the members of the committee that drafted the Constution of Fiji in 1998. Goolam Vahed is a professor of History in the University of KwaZuluNatal. He has published extensively on different aspects of Indian history in South Africa including indentured labour religion sports and on Mahatma Gandhi.