We take pleasures in presenting to our students, colleagues and readers the second thoroughly revised and enlarged edition of the book Biostatistics. The theoretical discussion in the book has been refined, restructured and updated. While revising the book, a sincere attempt has been made to retain the basic features of the earlier edition, names, viz., lucidity of style, simplicity in presentation and analytic approach to the topics. The following three new chapters have been added to make the book more exhaustive and comprehensive so as to cater to the needs of the students of Biostatistics, Biotechnology, Biology, Pharmacy, Nursing, Public Health, Molecular Biology, Zoology, Medicine, Botany etc. 1. Skewness, Moments and Kurtosis 2. Association of Attributes 3. Models of data presentation with special reference to Biological Sciences. Contents : 1. Introduction to Biostatistics 2. Preliminary Concepts 3. Tabulation and Frequency Distribution 4. Graphical Representation of Data 5. Measures of Central Tendency 6. Measures of Dispersion 7. Skewness, Moments and Kurtosis 8. Correlation Analysis 9. Regression Analysis 10. Probability and Bay`s Theorem 11. Binomial, Poisson and Normal Distributions 12. Hypothesis Testing and Large Samples Tests 13. Students` T-Test 14. Chi-Square Test 15. F-Test or Fisher`s F-Test 16. Demography and Vital Statistics 17. Non-Parametric Methods 18. Factorial Analysis 19. Circular Distributions-and Descriptive Statistics 20. Tests of Significance for Circular Distributions 21. Associations of Attributes 22. Models of Data Presentation with Special Reference to Biological Samples

Bioinformatics and Genomics play an increasingly important and transformative role in pharmaceuticals, medical, biotechnology, microbiology, agriculture, life sciences and society. Bioinformatics is the use of computers to retrieve, process, analyze and simulate molecular virology information. The mapping of the human genome has revealed 35,000 or so genes, which might code for more than one protein, resulting in 100,000 proteins for the humans alone. Since proteins are attractive for developing drugs, researchers and scientist's efforts are now underway to map sequences and assign functions to many novel proteins. It promises to revolutionize the process of drug discovery and development. This book provides a broad, application-overview of bioinformatics and biotechnology. In addition, the state-of-the-art in bioinformatics is evaluated equally from a global view by introducing real application scenarios such as genome projects that require the use of a whole set of bioinformatics tools. This appears to be an excellent textbook for students, researchers, scientists and bioinformaticians. This book is a very valuable and important resource for bringing bioinformatics into the work practice of geneticists. Also this is essential reading for all those engaged in genetic and new drug development research. This book takes the novel approach to cover the methods, sequence and structure analysis of nucleotides, proteins in one volume and an algorithmic perspective. Most of the chapters include tables that are designed to propose an orderly use of methods that are discussed in the chapters. There are very few examples of these types of tables and oversimplification that may not always justify. We hope that these tables and figures will be useful for the less experienced in this field, but we expect that the more experienced researchers in the field will have other, probably better, way of achieving the same goal. There are many references to web address and FTP locations where these methods may be applied or program obtained is given in the book. In some cases, as far the commonly used bioinformatics programs, we have provided a grate deal of information about using the programs, tools for analyzing the results. There are many other important bioinformatics tools that are available for sequence analysis. We have tried to cover as many of them. This book provides a basic understanding of the theories, associated algorithms, resource, and tools used in functional and structural bioinformatics for genetic research. The reader emerges with the ability to make effective use of protein, DNA, RNA, and complex structures to better understand biological function. Moreover, it drams a clear connection between sequence studies and the rational design of new therapies. The profound knowledge on bioinformatics presented here not only enables readers to beyond a mere push-button approach to using bioinformatics software and interpreting the data generated appropriately. It is also essential to assess the potential of today’s bioinformatics software and future challenges. Bioinformatics theory and practices is a timely and much-needed textbook, which provides an accessible and thorough introduction to a subject. Which has become a fundamental part of biological science today. Content of book is helpful for analysis of DNA, RNA and proteins. The aim of the book is to integrate an understanding of the biological background of bioinformatics with development of necessary computing skills. Without describing computer science or sophisticated programming skills. In detail, the book supports and encourages the application of the many powerful computational tools of bioinformatics in a way that is both relevant to and stimulating for reader. The book contains numerous online analysis examples to encourage students, researches to engage with the subject and with the accompanying web site, to develop a working understanding and appreciation of the power of bioinformatics as a research tool. This book is highly recommended for academic, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, medical agriculture, genomics, proteomics, life science and for researchers as a theory and practical. Although this book is aimed at professional geneticists, the numerous worked example would be useful to anyone putting a course together on this topic. Contents : 1. Introduction of Bioinformatics 2. The central Dogma of Biology 3. Amino Acid Information 4. Functional Genomics 5. Biological Databases and Databanks 6. Biological Databases and Databanks – II 7. Name and function of Database 8. Retrieval of Data and its Description 9. Gene Expression Analysis 10. Microarray and Gene Expression 11. Pairwise Sequence Alignments 12. Fasta and Blast 13. Multiple Sequence Alignments 14. Methods of Gene Prediction 15. Rna Secondary Structure Prediction References Abbreviations and acronyms

Bioinformatics is the first and foremost of Biological Science. It is considered as the application of Information Technology to the Management of Biological data. It is a fast evolving scientific discipline. The public data bases and their storage are growing exponentially. The researcher is highly benefited with these information using the computer tools and the websites. This book deals with many of the important data bases, computer tools and the websites. Further, the book provides the students with a genuinely Indian perspective on the principles and applications of Bioinformatics in a style which combines academic rigour with practical insight. This book is an essential reading for all introductory courses in Bioinformatics at degree, post-graduate and professional levels. The subject is covered in six parts in an easy and understandable way: - A brief understanding of Biotechnology and Microbiology. - Fundamentals of Biotechnology. - Biological information on the web. - Tools for Bioinformatics. - Data analysis, data mining and data visualizing. - Biotech / Bioinformatic activities in India. Book Content of Bioinformatics Part I 1. A Brief Understanding of Biotechnology and Microbiology 2. Computers in Biochemical Research 3. Bioinformatics 4. Biotechnology and information Technology (BIO-IT) 5. Building own website Part II 6. Genes 7. Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (DNA)/Ribo Nucleic Acid (RNA) 8. Motif 9. Chromosomes 10. Genetics Part III 11. Biological Information on the Web Part IV 12. Biological Databases 13. Protein Resource Data Bases 14. Homology, Analogy, Orthology and Paralogy 15. Packages Concentrating on Particular Areas of Sequence Analysis 16. Pairwise Alignment 17. Multiple Sequence Alignments 18. Structure Classification of Databases 19. DNA Recombinant Technology for Growth Harmone Therapy 20. Well-Known Comprehensive Packages 21. Genomics and Proteomics Tools and Techniques 22. Analysis Packages Part V 23. Data Analysis Using Perl 24. Data Mining 25. Data Visualisation Part VI 26. India`s Potential in Biotechnology 27. Biotechnology/Bioinformatics Activities in India Bibliography Glossary

The book is exclusively designed as a Text Book for the Health and Life Sciences students offering courses in Statistics both at the UG and PG level. While drafting the book, care has been taken to include important topics covering the syllabus taught in several Indian Universities and other Institute of Higher Learning. The book provides an open access, particularly to non-mathematics students with clear explanation of fundamental methods is Statistics. Effort were made to minimize the complexity of mathematical methods by providing more Verbal and contextual explanation, so that the book is altogether reader-friendly. The unique feature of the book is the principle, concepts, explanation and all numerical examples dealt with exclusive and appropriate health and life sciences situations, so that readers can well understand and appreciate. The text book is intended for the Graduate / Postgraduate / Research Students of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical Science. Biotechnology, Bioinformatics, Microbiology, Biology and Zoology. Book Content of Biostatistics for Health and Life Sciences 1. Statistics and Biostatics 2. Statistical Survey 3. Measures of Central Tendency 4. Partition Values 5. Measures of Dispersion 6. Skewness, Kurtosis and Moments 7. Curve Fitting 8. Analysis of Correlation 9. Regression Analysis 10. Multiple Regression Analysis 11. Regression Analysis-Dummy Variables 12. Probability 13. Random Variables and Distribution Functions 14. Theoretical Distribution 15. Hypothesis Testing-I (Large Sample Teste) 16. Hypothesis Testing-II (Tests Based on t and F Distribution) 17. Non-Parametric Tests 18. Analysis of Variance 19. Design of Experiments - Tables

I am very happy to handover this book to students, researchers and academicians. This book entitled Soil Geography consists of 9 chapters. Being a student and farmer, I have completed my thrust of book writing through this book. This book is useful for the students of MPSC and UPSC. This book will support NET, SET, SLET and JRF students. Content involved in this book is useful to the students of Environment Science, Soil Science, Geography, Geology, Chemistry and Agriculture. This is my first effort of book writing. I consider this book as one particle in the ocean of knowledge. Constructive suggestions are most welcome and will be added in the next edition. Soil Geography is the branch of Physical Geography. Soil scientist wishes to display the spatial distribution of the soils. Use of soil is done by human being right from the evolution of the Earth and which is continued. This book tries to discuss about the importance of soil. In this book, Chapter 1 provides detailed description, introduction, nature and scope of Soil Geography. History of development of soil geography, approaches of study of soil geography, nature of soil geography, scope of soil geography are included in first chapter. Chapter 2 explains details about formation of soil, parent material, climate, biota, time and topography. Chapter 3 deals with components of soil, minerals, organic matter, air, water and micro organism. Chapter 4 focuses on characteristics of soil, physical characteristics of soil, density of soil, porosity of soil, soil structures, soil texture, soil colour, soil consistence and soil surface area. It also explains about chemical Characteristics of soil, soil PH and electrical conductivity. Chapter 5 discusses about soil profile, characteristics of soil profile, soil horizons, O horizon, A horizon, B horizon, C horizon and R/D horizon. Types of soils are explained in Chapter 6th which includes alluvial soil, black soil, desert soil, laterite soil, mountainous soil and red soil. Chapter 7 covers erosion, quality and conservation of soil. erosion of soil, erosion by water, erosion by wind, erosion by ice, tillage erosion, artificial erosion (human-being induced), quality of soil and soil Loss, quality of agricultural soil in Nashik District and conservation of soil. Chapter 8 deals with applications and research in soil geography. It covers soil resource inventory in watershed, soil-landscape Analysis: remote sensing approach, issues of the watershed management and soil erosion, deriving erosion model parameters using RS and GIS Future Research Needs. Last Chapter 9 includes soil testing and related aspects. Contents - 1. Soil Geography: Definition, Nature and Scope 2. Formation of Soil 3. Components of Soil 4. Characteristics of Soil 5. Soil Profile 6. Types of Soil 7. Erosion, Quality and Conservation of Soil 8. Soil Pollution 9. Soil Testing 10. Applications and Research in Soil Geography References Appendix

The science of Microbiology plays a major role inthe environmental agricultural, medical and industrial fields. This book deals with the various aspects of soil and agricultural microbiology. Special attention is given to the micro-organisms in the soil, their roles and interactions. Thus in a broad sense, the book will be useful to the students of Microbiology, Botany, Biochemistry and Agricultural Microbiology, both at the under-graduate and post-graduate level. This book contains ten chapters, model question papers and wherever possible, the basic experiments that have led to our present understanding of soil and agricultural microbiology. The present need of our country is to enhance crop production and crop protection using biotechnological tools. Therefore, for the interest of students a separate chapter on agricultural biotechnology has been included. Contents - 1. Lithosphere 2. Microbial Flora of Soil 3. Phytohormones 4. Bio-Geo-Chemical Cycling 5. Biological Nitrogen Fixation 6. Microbial Interactions 7. Phytopathology 8. Biocides 9. Biofertilizers 10. Agricultural Biotechnology

The present text book entitled “Physicochemical Principle in Pharmaceutics” deals with the physical and chemical properties of the drugs and recipients which must be understood thoroughly in order to put it into a suitable dosage form. It also includes the stability of the drug product, its Solubility, Dissolution, Diffusion, Kinetics, Complexation and Protein binding. Polymer’s, Polymer's particularly those of high molecular weight are used in the development of new devices that deliver drugs to the body at preprogrammed rates and these have been included in the present book. Theology, Micromeritics, Thermodynamics, States of matter, Surface active agents. Interfacial Phenomenon, Colloids, Suspension and Emulsion have also been included. This book is divided into fourteen chapters and we have envisaged to include not only the recently change semester wise syllabus of Physical Pharmacy for undergraduate students of Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University but also the syllabus of Physical Pharmacy of all the prominent universities of India. Each chapter is explained with diagrams and graphical illustrations wherever necessary, with special emphasis on application in pharmacy and medicine. It is worthy to note that equation when properly described are very effective in representing physicochemical theories and these have been included in the text along with solved and unsolved problems for better understanding of the subject. This book will be very useful to undergraduate and postgraduate students of pharmacy courses and also to Ph.D. research scholars. This book, in the chapter of interfacial phenomenon, also includes in detail the literature survey, theory, measurements and applications of Zeta potential in Pharmacy and Medicine which will be very useful to research scholars, interested in this facinating subject. Contents - 1. States and Properties of Matter 2. Solubility and Distribution Phenomenon 3. Diffusion and Dissolution 4. Kinetics and drug Stability 5. Complexation 6. Surface Active Agents 7. Interfacial Phenomenon 8. Micromeritics 9. Rheology 10. Colloidal Dispersions 11. Suspension 12. Emulsion 13. Thermodynamics 14. Polymer Science Bibliography

It gives me immense pleasure to place before the large community of Pharmacy teachers and students, my humble work entitled “Pharmaceutical Analysis – Volume I (Theory and Practical’s)” written strictly in accordance with the recent syllabus of B. Pharmacy course. Both for theory and practical’s. As recommended by the All India Council of Technical Education (ALCTE) and adopted by most of the universities in the country. The idea of writing the book was conceived when I realized that the pharmacy students are facing difficulty to get a book on Pharmaceutical Analysis suited to their academic needs. The books which have been recommended in the syllabus of different Indian universities are mostly by foreign authors. These books are above the reach of most of the students and teachers. Although there are a few related books by Indian authors, but these books have very high technical standards, complex theoretical background, extensive experimentation and electronic circuits, and lot of derivations, with less relevance to the examination point of view. So, the students have no alternative but to study from chemical analysis book of graduate and postgraduate level. These books have been primarily written to meet the requirements of chemistry students only and their scope is not in accordance with the syllabus of pharmacy students. These books do not stress on the pharmaceutical application of the different techniques of analysis. So, there is a dire need to bring out a book in accordance with the requirement of the pharmacy students as well as examinations pattern of Indian Universities. The present text book has been written keeping in view the requirements of the students and the teachers so as to cover all the topics with the desired limits of the prescribed syllabus. On the basis of vast experience of the author, the text has been prepared in a simple, lucid and comprhensive style. The manuscript has been presented as if the teacher is talking to the students in a class. Here is a book which caters to all your queries and doubts. It gives you the fundamentals and the basis of the pharmaceutical analysis required by you as pharmacist. The book will not only help you to score better in the examination but would develop your skills to apply your knowledge of pharmaceutical analysis in solving the problems that you may face during your career. A special feature of the book is that it includes a Laboratory Manual for practicals which forms part of pharmacy syllabus in parcticals for I, II and III semesters. The book has been divided into two parts. Part A consists of nine chapters dealing with basic fundamentals of pharmaceutical analysis including principles, instrumentation and applications of different techniques of pharmaceutical analysis. Part B consists of six chapters which deals with Limit Tests, Semi-Micro Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, Qualitative as well as Quantitative Organic Analysis and Laboratory exercises on Volumetric Analysis and Gravimetric Analysis as per requirement of students. The book may prove useful not only to the students and teachers of Diploma in Pharmacy and particularly to the students of B. Pharma Course and Medical students. It will be also useful to analysts, pharmaceutical quality control chemists and research and development chemists working in drug industry. Contents - Part A  - Theoretical Principles 1. Pharmaceutical Analysis and Purity of Pharmaceutics 2. Basic Principle Underlying Pharmaceutical Analysis 3. Statistical Treatment of Analytical Data 4. Volumetric Analysis 5. Acid-Base Titrations in Aqueous Medium 6. Acid-base Titrations in Non-Aqueous Medium 7. Redox Titrimetry (Oxidation-Reduction Titrations) 8. Precipitation Titrations 9. Gravimetric and Electro-gravimetric Analysis Part B- Practical Manual 10. Limit Tests 11. Semi-micro inorganic Qualitative Analysis 12. Qualitative Organic Analysis Part A – Elemental Detection Part B – Identification of Functional Groups 13. Quantitative Organic Analysis 14. Laboratory Exercises on Volumetric Analysis 15. Laboratory Exercises on Gravimetric Analysis Appendices

It gives me immense pleasure to place berore the large community of Pharmacy teachers and students, my humble work entitled "Pharmaceutical Analysis - Volume II" written strictly in accordance with the recent syllabus of B.Pharmacy course, as recommended by the All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) and adopted by most of the universities in the country. The books which have been recommended in the syllabus of different Indian universities are mostly by foreign authors. These books are above the reach of most of the students and teachers. The books written by Indian Authors are primarily to meet the requirements of Chemistry students only and their scope is not in accordance with the syllabus of Pharmacy students. These books do not stress on the pharmaceutical applications of the different techniques of analysis. So, there is a dire need to bring out a book in accordance with the requirement of the pharmacy students as well as examinations pattern of Indian Universities. The prsent text book has been written keeping in view the requirements of the students and the teachers so as to cover all the topics with the desired limits of the prescribed syllabus. On the basis of vast experience of the author (more than five decade), the text has been prepared in a simple, lucid and comprehensive style. The book consists of seventeen chapters dealing with basic fundamentals of pharmaceutical analysis including principles, instrumentation and applications of different techniques of pharmaceutical analysys. The book may prove useful not only to the students and teachers of B. Pharmacy Course and Medical students but also to analysts, pharmaceutical quality control chemists and research in drug industry. Contents - 1. Complexometric Titrations 2. Miscellaneous Methods of Analysis 3. Polarimetry 4. Refractometry 5. Chromatography 6. Column Chromatography 7. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) 8. Paper Chromatography 9. High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) 10. Gas Liquid Chromatography 11. Separation Techniques 12. Poltentiometry 13. Conductometry 14. Polarography 15. Amperiometry 16. Coulometry 17. Thermal Analysis

This book may prove useful not only to the students and teachers of degree in pharmacy but also to diploma students and medical students. The present book "Medicinal Chemistry" has been written according to the revised syllabi of various universities and boards. In this book, subject matter has been organised incorporating application wise classification rather than the traditional chemical classification. More emphasis has been further laid by explaining the medical and pharmaceutical terms and to what extent it is justifiable to classify a compound under any of the categories. Inevitably, students will find repetition for some compounds which find more than one application. This book may prove useful not only to the students and teachers of degree in pharmacy but also to diploma students and medical students. Contents : 1. Concepts of Medicinal Chemistry 2. Introduction to Pharmaceutical Chemistry 3. Classification and Nomenclature of Drugs 4. Theories of Drug Action and Factors Affecting Drug Action 5. Assay of Drugs and Metabolism of Drug 6. Relation of Chemical Structure and Chemical Activity 7. General Anaesthetics 8. Local Anaesthetics 9. Hypnotics and Sedatives 10. Anticonvulsant Drugs 11. Opioid Analgesics 12. Antitussives 13. Psychoactive Drugs 14. Central Nervous System Stimulants 15. Antiparkinsonism Drugs 16. Adrenergic Drugs 17. Cholinergic and Anticholinesterase Agents 18. Antispasmodic and Antiulcer Drugs 19. Skeletal Muscle Relaxants 20. Antihistamines 21. Nonsteroidal Antiinflammtory Agents and Analgesic-Antipyretics 22. Cardio Vascular Agents 23. Diuretics 24. Oxytocics 25. Anthelminitcs 26. Antimalarials 27. Antiamoebic Drugs 28. Miscellaneous Antiprotozoal Drugs 29. Urinary Tract Antiseptics 30. Antifungal Drugs 31. Antiviral Agents 32. Antincoplastic Agents 33. Diagnostic Agents 34. Disinfectants and Antiseptics 35. Coagulants, Haemostatics and Anticoagulants 36. Hypoglycaemic Agents 37. Thyroids Hormones and Antithyroid Drugs 38. Steroids and Related Drugs 39. Vitamins 40. Sulphonamides 41. Antiboitics 42. Antimycobacterial Agents 43. Insecticides and Insect Repellants