The present title "Non-Chordata - I" is an indispensable text meeting complete requirements of undergraduate and postgraduate students of Zoology. It has been designed to approach the morphology, anatomy, physiology and development of selected types in a very simple and lucid style. Accourding to the scheme of treatment, the important animal types of each phylum have been dealt with first, and efforts have been made to present their elaborate and up-to-date account. In the description of anumal types, special emphasis has been laid on the functioning of organs. General characters and classification and brief description of other important types of the phylum have also been dealt with complete authentic and up-to-date account. Adaptations of animal type have also been discussed in detail to reveal their relation with the environment. Contents - Unit I - Protozoa 1. Characters and Classification of Protozoa 2. Feeding and Nutrition 3. Locomotion in Protozoa 4. Reproduction in Protozoa 5. Economic Importance of Protozoa Unit II - Porifera 6. Characters and Classification of Porifera 7. Histology of Sponges 8. Canal System in Sponges 9. Skeleton in Sponges 10. Reproduction in Sponges Unit III - Metazoa 11. Phylum Mesozoa 12. Metazoan Ancestry Unit IV - Coelenterata 13. Characters and Classification of Coelenterata 14. Polymorphism 15. Aurelia 16. Coral and Coral Reefs 17. Economic Importance of Coelenterata 18. Characters and Classification of Ctenophora Unit V - Platyhelminthes 19. Characters and Classification of Helminthes 20. Dugesia (Planaria) Unit VI - Nematoda 21. Characters and Classification of Annelida 23. Nereis 24. Hirudinaria Granulosa 25. Role of Earthworm in Soil Fertility 26. Coelom in Annelida 27. Segmentation in Annelida Unit VIII - Parasitology 28. Entamoeba Histolytica 29. Trypanosoma 30. Plasmodium (Malaria Parasite) 31. Fasciola Hepatica 32. Schistosoma 33. Taenia Solium 34. Parasitism and Parasitic Adaptations 35. Enterobius Vermicularis 36. Wuchereria (=Filaria) Bancrofti 37. Ascaris Lumbricoides 38. Parasitic Adaptations of Leeches Unit IX - Ecological Adaptation and Diversity 39. Ecological Adaptation and Diversity Unit X - Practical 40. Protozoa 41. Porifera 42. Coelenterata 43. Helminthies 44. Annelida Index

The present title "Non-Chordata - II" deals with all those animals that have no endoskeleton. Non-Chordates alone constitute 95 percent of the entire Animal kingdom. There are vast heterogenous assemblage of groups of animals. The range in size, in structural diversity and in adaptation and to different modes in enormous. A number of highly complicated, and technical and technical instruments have been devised to make their detailed studies possible. The present text illustrates the wealth of diversity in organization and physiology that has been found in the various groups of Non-Chordate. The various phyla have been treated in a simple and lucid style. The approach of discussion of all the phyla is very simple so as to impart to the students a clear and vivid understanding. General characters and classification and brief description of other important types of the phylum have also been dealt with complete, authentic and up-to-date account. Further separate chapters on topics of significance and general interest pertaining to the phylum have also been added to make the treatment more elaborate. Contents - 1. Characters and Classification of Arthropoda 2. Peripatus 3. Palaemon 4. Cephalization 5. Integument 6. Limulus 7. Mouth Parts in Insects 8. Respiration in Insects 9. Metamorphosis in Insects 10. Termites 11. Role of Insects in Biological Control 12. Apiculture 13. Prawn Culture 14. Characters and Classification of Mollusca 15. Unio : (A Fresh Water Mussel) 16. Foot of Mollusca 17. Economic Importance of Mollusca 18. Neopilina 19. Characters and Classification of Echinodermata 20. Starfish 21. Larval Forms in Echinodermata 22. Minor Phyla 23. Phylum Rotifera (The Wheel Animalcules) Index

Earlier published as organic evolution, this edition with a bigger title "A Textbook of Organic Evolution" has been thoroughly revised and enlarged. All the chapters have been retouched and given a new outlook. The most attractive feature of this edition is the simple and lucid language with the incorporation of illustrations in latest style. It is an outgrowth of a desire to present an update picture of evolution in a relatively non-technical and appreciable manner. It has been designed only after receiving the feedback from teachers and students. The current text is considerably shorter and more conversational in tone than the encyclopedic texts, yet it contains all of the information that is pertinent to students who are learning evolution. Although this book is aimed at undergraduate and post-graduate students, but it is hoped that it will be accessible, informative and enjoyable to other readers lacking prior knowledge of evolution. Honest attempt has been made to explain concept, wherever possible by examples, and with a minimum of professional clutter. The overall objective of this revised edition is to provide a text with comprehensive coverage of molecular basis of evolution. A glossary of many of the technical terms is appended as a reference. A number of theoretical possibilities the reader with alternative views. Many Scientists and teachers contributed as reviewers, to the development of this book. Their help was invaluable, for the breadth of material dealt with here far exceeds the range of our personal expertise. The reviewers has helped weed out inaccuracies and misconceptions and have helped me to organize the material both to facilitate student understanding and to bring the treatment into line with current thinking by leading investigators. Most of illustrations have been taken from professional papers and standard books and journals. Subject matter has also been obtained from a large number of standard books, reviews and research papers by internationally renowned workers and established authors. That is why there can be no claim to originality except in the manner of treatment. Contents : 1. Introduction 2. Origin of the Earth 3. Origin of Life 4. Evidences of organic Evolution 5. Lamarckism 6. Darwinism 7. Darwin`s Theory of Pangenesis 8. Natural Selection 9. De Vries` Mutation Theory 10. Isolation 11. Adaptations 12. Individual and Specific Adaptations 13. Colouration 14. Mimicry 15. Variation 16. Speciation 17. Artificial Selection 18. Sexual Selection 19. Micro– and Macroevolution 20. Modern Synthesis of Evolution 21. Rocks and their Dating 22. Fossils and Fossilization 23. Trace Fossils and Living Fossils 24. Geological Time Scale 25. Dinosaurs 26. Extinction 27. Animal Distribution 28. Barriers 29. Zoogeographical Distribution 30. Evolution of Horse 31. Evolution of Camel 32. Evolution of Elephant 33. Evolution of Man Glossary

The chapters included in this book conform to the undergraduate syllabi of Physiology of same universities. It encompasses diverse aspects of life science ranging from Social Physiology to Biostatistics and hence might be found useful by student of all general life science. Contents : 1. Hematology 2. Biochemistry & Molecular Biology 3. Clinical Biochemistry 4. Microbiology & Immunology 5. Human Nutrition 6. Social Physiology 7. Work Physiology 8. Environmental Physiology 9. Endocrinology 10. Nervous System & Special Senses 11. Biostatics

The book is written with the idea of explaining some basic concepts in Zoology. Authors have made a sincere attempt to make the matter self-explanatory and simple for the students of Zoology. During the compilation of the matter, some text has been taken from internet, references and other resources, only with intention of creating best of the study material for students. Authors are sure that the book will be informative and resourceful for students of Zoology. Suggestions and creative criticisms from teachers and students are most welcome. Contents - Part 1: Cell Biology 1. Cell Biology 2. Biomolecules 3. Endomembrane System Part 2: Study of Systems 4. Study of Nutrition and Excretion 5. Study of Respiration and Circulation 6. Control and Coordination, Locomotion and Reproduction Part 3: Embryology 7. Comparative Embryology 8. Aspects of Human Reproduction Part 4: Genetics and Evolution 9. Nucleic Acids 10. Chromosomes and Heredity 11. Fundamentals of Genetics 12. Population Genetics and Evolution 13. Origin and Evolution of Life Part 5: Economic Zoology, Parasitology and Ethology 14. Economic Zoology 15. Parasitology 16. Ethology Part 6: Pollution and Its Effects 17. Pollution and Its Effects on Organisms

The aim of this book "College Zoology" (Volume I) is to present the ambit of syllabi in a lucid way for the benefit of students. Each topic has been given equal emphasis, so that the purview of each chapter is covered in wide horizon. This text book has been designed primarily for Degree course students. The author expect`s, every student can easily comphered the matter. The volume includes non chordates (functional anatomy), cell biology, genetics, molecular biology and developmental biology, genetics, molecular biology and developmental biology containing twenty six chapters. The entire book has been divided into three segments: Functional Anatomy (chapters 1 to 8), Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology (chapters 9 to 18) and Developmental Biology (chapters 19 to 26). At the end of each chapter, a set of "Things to remember" is being provided which briskly recapitulates, the whole chapter. Besides, students can assess themselves by answering the set of "Questionnaire" given at the length of each chapter. Contents : 1. Classification 2. Locomotion in Some Invertebrate Animals 3. Feeding and Digestion 4. Respiration 5. Excretion 6. Circulation 7. Neural Integration 8. Reproduction and Life Cycle 9. Ultra Structure and Function of Plasma Membrane, GERL System, Lysosome, Ribosome 10. Chromosome Structure: Nucleosome Model 11. Cell Cycle and Cancer 12. Physio-chemical Properties, Types, Structures and Functions of DNA and RNA. Nucleic Acids as Genetic Material 13. Mechanism of Replication. Transcription and Translation in E. coli 14. Mode of Inheritance of Autosomal and Sex-linked Genes in Human (Thalassemia, Haemophilia and Colourblindness) 15. Linkage and Recombination 16. Chromosomal Aberrations in Number and Structures, Point Mutation, Down Syndrome and Klinefelter Syndrome 17. Sex Determination in Drosophila and Man 18. Basic Concept of Genetic Engineering, Gene Cloning and Gene Manipulation 19. Developmental Biology Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis 20. Fertilization in Sea-urchin 21. Cleavage 22. Fate Map and Gastrulation 23. Extra Embryonic Membranes or Foetal Membranes in Chick 24. Placenta and Placentation in Mammals 25. Organizer Concept 26. Concept of Protostomia and Deuterostomia with Reference to Metazoan Origin

What is the need of the present book when a large number of Zoology practical books are available? One may rightly ask. Answer to this query is rather painful. However, honestly speaking, the interaction between teacher and students in practical classes is now declining to the extent of extinction. Therefore, keeping in view the crises of teacher-taught ratio in the present scenario also called` substitute has been attempted to help the growing number of students. Though authors firmly believe that no text book can replace a teacher. This book is entirely based on our few decades of personal experiences in laboratory dissection of organ systems, preparation of materials, slides, cytological exercises and statistical verifications. With this belief authors wish to present an useful guidance to the students for their laboratory work. As for we are aware, in no practical text book identification of specimens based on their finer and specialized features have been so meticulously dealt with. Book Content of Non-Chordate (Invertebrate) Zoology Practical Characters and classification of Non-Chordates. Study of Museum Specimens and Slides of Different Invertebrate Phyla. Curious in Invertebrate Zoology. Manor and Major Dissections. Preparation of Important Fixatives, Stains, and other Reagents. General Procedure of Microscopic Preparations. Invertebrates Culture Methods. Permanent Stained Slides of Minor Dissections − Slide Preparation. Experimental Cytolozy and genetics. Behaviour Exercises. Experimental Ecology. Biometry (Biostatistics).

The present concise book has been designed very meticulously to provide up-to-date knowledge of invertebrate endocrinology in lucid manner which could fulfill the quantum of undergraduate and postgraduate syllabi of the universities. In the first chapter entitled "Introduction", (a) the neuroendocrine concept, (b) molecular endocrinology and (c) molecular mechanism of hormonal action have been presented which depict fundamental character of the "Invertebrate Endocrinology". The next eight chapters (Chapters 2-9) independently, deal with endocrinology of major Metazoan phyla, viz., Coelenterata to Echinodermata. Account on endocrinology in each Chapter is divided into three sections −(a) the structure of the endocrine system, (b) hormones and (c) functions. Chapters 10 and 11 are devoted to pheromones (ectohormones) in the invertebrate phyla, from Protozoa to Echinodermata. In the Chapter 11, insect allomones are also discussed. The last chapter (Chapter 12) entitled, "Applied Invertebrate Endocrinology" comprises substantial infotmation on economic importance of invertebrate hormones and pheromones particularly, in the fields of pest control and aquaculture. Book Content of Invertebrate Endocrinology 1. Introductionv 2. Coelenterate Endocrinology 3. Helminth Endocrinology 4. Annelid Endocrinology 5. Molluscan Endocrinology 6. Crustacean Endocrinology 7. Insect Endocrinology I − Structure and Hormones 8. Insect Endocrinology II − Functions 9. Echinoderm Endocrinology 10. Invertebrate Pheromones 11. Insect Pheromones and Allomones 12. Applied Invertebrate Endocrinology

The Second edition of MODERN ENTOMOLOGY consists of in all 48 chapters divided into the following five sections: Insect Structure and Function consists of 20 chapters on various aspects of Insect morphology and physiology; Classification of Insects consists of 11 chapters pertaining to modern scheme of insect classification, distribution, characters and classification of extinct and living insects of all orders; Economic Entomology consists of 9 chapters describing various pest control methods, classification, life cycle, nature of damage and control of large number of agricultural, veterinary, human and forest pests; Industrial Entomology consists of 3 chapters on the insect−borne small scale industries, sericulture, apiculture and lac culture and Recent Advances in Entomology consists of 5 chapters− Mantophasmatodea − a new insect order, Learning and behavior, immunity in insects, insect viruses and pest control and forensic entomology. The second edition enriches the text incorporated in the first edition of MODERN ENTOMOLOGY with the recently available information on origin and evolution of insects, control of feeding, cervix or neck, salivary glands, insect nutrition, Temperature and humidity receptors, molecular mechanism of chemoreception, mechanism of vitellogenesis, specialized reproductive mechanisms, development and metamorphosis, allomones, use of pheromones in pest control in India, forest insect pests, mulberry, tasar, muga and eri sericulture, apiary products and apitherapy, lac culture technology and some recent advances such as, recently discovered order Mantophasinatodea, neural basis of learning, bee language, color change mechanism and adaptive behavior, innate antibacterial and antiviral immune mechanisms, insect viruses and their use in pest control and forensic entomology. The second edition of MODERN ENTOMOLOGY covers over-all undergraduate and post-graduate entomology syllabi of the agricultural and non-agricultural universities in India and abroad. This is perhaps the first book instantly updated with recent advances in both, the basic and applied entomology at the full extent. Now, MODERN BIOLOGY is fully competent to cater to all the expectations of the teachers and students offering Entomology in Zoology, Agriculture, Veterinary, Medical, Forestry and other related disciplines. It is a good asset as a reference book for those who are interested in insect biology, taxonomy, pestology, molecular biology, neurobiology, endocrinology, immunology and virology too. Contents : SECTION − A : INSECT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 1. INTRODUCTION 2. THE INTEGUMENT 3. THE HEAD 4. THE MOUTHPARTS 5. THE THORAX 6. THE WINGS 7. THE ABDOMEN 8. THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 9. THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 10. THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM 11. THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM 12. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 13. THE VISUAL ORGANS 14. THE SENSE ORGANS 15. THE EFFECTOR ORGANS 16. THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 17. DEVELOPMENT 18. THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 19. THE ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS 20. THE ECTOHORMONES SECTION − B : CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS 21. CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS 22. APTERYGOTE ORDERS 23. PALAEOPTERAN ORDERS 24. POLYNEOPTERAN ORDERS 25. ORDER ISOPTERA 26. PARANEOPTERAN ORDERS 27. OLIGONEOPTERAN ORDERS 28. ORDER LEPIDOPTERA 29. ORDER COLEOPTERA 30. ORDER DIPTERA 31. ORDER HYMENOPTERA SECTION − C : ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 32. ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 33. PRIMARY CONTROL MEASURES 34. CHEMICAL CONTROL 35. MODERN TRENDS IN PEST CONTROL 36. PESTS OF MAJOR CROPS 37. PESTS OF OTHER CROPS AND STORED-GRAINS 38. PESTS OF MEDICAL IMPORTANCE 39. THE VETERINARY PESTS 40. INDUSTRIAL ENTOMOLOGY SECTION − D : INDUSTRIAL ENTOMOLOGY 41. SERICULTURE 42. APICULTURE 43. LAC CULTURE SECTION − E : RECENT ADVANCES IN ENTOMOLOGY 44. MANTOPHASMATODEA : A NEW INSECT TAXON 45. LEARNING AND BEHAVIOUR 46. IMMUNITY IN INSECTS 47. INSECT VIRUSES AND PEST CONTROL 48. FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY SELECTED READINGS SUBJECT INDEX

This book is designed as a concise, but full-fledged text-book of an advanced, general, comparative and applied invertebrate and vertebrate molecular endocrinology. It embodies up-to-date information on the structure of endocrine gland or tissue, molecular structure of hormone(s), mechanism of synthesis, transport, receptors and transduction, functions and applied aspects including clinical applications. The book consists of 26 chapters, the first and the last chapters are general while chapters 2 to 12 are devoted to Invertebrate Endocrinology and the remaining chapters (13 to 25) to Vertebrate Endocrinology. The text is presented in lucid manner. The figures are simple, well-labeled and self explanatory. The author is fully confident that the present book will not only fulfill the existing course-quantum of endocrinology mentioned in the syllabi of undergraduate and postgraduate studies conducted in Indian universities but will also inspire competent authorities of the universities to update their syllabi with recent status of the endocrinology. This book though basically designed to cover the syllabi of Zoology, but it complies equally with the syllabi of biochemistry, physiology, molecular biology, biotechnology, reproductive physiology, medical, pharmacology and almost all other disciplines of life sciences. Contents- 1. Introduction 2. Coelenterate Endocrinology 3. Helminth Endocrinology 4. Annelid Endocrinology 5. Molluscan Endocrinology 6. Crustacean Endocrinology 7. Insect Endocrinology I- Stucture 8. Insect Endocrinology II-Functions 9. Echinoderm Endocrinology 10. Invertebrate Pheromones 11. Insect Pheromones and Allomones 12. Applied Invertebrate Endocrinology 13. Hypothalamo- Hypophysial System 14. Pineal Body 15. Thyroid Gland 16. Parathyroid And Ultimobranchial Glands 17. Thymus Gland 18. Adrenal Gland 19. Gastrointestinal Endocrine System 20. Endocrine Pancreas 21. Hormones of The Heart, Liver and Kidey 22. Gonada Hormones 23. Placental Hormones 24. Prostaglandins (Eicosanoids) 25. Pheromones In Vertebrates 26. Endocrine Disruption References Subject Index